Uniben Geography and Regional Planning Undergraduate Syllabus

100 LEVEL

1ST SEMESTER

COURSE CODE	COURSE TITLE CREDITS
GEO 111	Introduction to Geography, Man and his Physical Environment 3
GEO 112	Practical Physical Geography 3
GEO 113	Elementary Land Survey 3
GEO 114	Introduction to Environmental Science 3
GST 111	Use of English I 3
GST 112 2ND SEMESTER	Philosophy and Logic 2
GEO 121	Introduction to Geography, Man and his Cultural Environment 3
GEO 122	Practical Human Geography 3
GEO 123	Local Field Studies 3
GST 121	Nigerian People and Culture 3
GST 122	The History and Philosophy of Science 3
GST 123	Use of English II 3

200 LEVEL

1ST SEMESTER

GEO 211 Introduction to Geomorphology 3

GEO 212 Introduction to Spatial Organization

of Human Activities 3

GEO 213 Introduction to Topographical Map analysis 3

GEO 214 Introduction to Mathematics for Geographers 3

GEO 215 Introduction to the History of Geographic Thought 3

Thought Direct Entry students are to take G.S. Courses stated in

100 level above

2ND SEMESTER

GEO 224 Introduction to Climatology and Bio

Geography 3

GEO 225 Introduction to Population Studies 3

GEO 226 Introduction to Cartography 3

GEO 227 Introduction to Statistical Methods in

Geography 3

GEO 228 Introduction to Geographic Thought Theory 3

3OO LEVEL

1ST SEMESTER

Compulsory and required courses

GEO 311	Field Studies in Geography	2
GEO 312	Research Methods in Geography	2
GEO 313	Advanced Statistical Methods in Geography	2
GEO 314	Population Analysis	2
GEO 315	Soil Geography	2
GEO 316	Settlement Systems	2
GEO 317	Environmental Cognition and Landscape
	Planning	2
GEO 318	Elements of Urban Planning	2

Optional Courses

GEO 319	Rural Geography and Settlement		2
GEO 320	Transportation Geography		2
GEO 321	Elements of Political Geography		2

2ND SEMESTER

Compulsory and required courses

GEO 322	Industrial Geography	2
GEO 323	Geography Fieldwork Tech (Practical)	2
GEO 324	Regional Geography of Africa	2
GEO 325	Aerial Photo Interpretation and
	Production Cartography	2
GEO 326	Advanced Quantitative Techniques	2
GEO 327	Biogeography	2

Optional Courses

GEO 328	Applied Climatology		2
GEO 329	Introduction to Hydrology and
	Fluvial Geomorphology		2
GEO 330	Land Use Evaluation and Planning		2
GEO 332	Geographical Information System		2
GEO 333	Agricultural Geography		2

400 LEVEL

IST SEMESTER

Compulsory and required courses

GEO 411	History of Geographic Thought		2
GEO 412	Geography of the Third World
	(Latin America)		2
GEO 413	Introduction to Remote Sensing		2
GEO 414	Regional Geography of Nigeria		2
GEO 415	Regional Planning and Development		2

Optional Courses

GEO 416	Rural Land Resource Evaluation		2
GEO 417	Political Geography of Resource
	Distribution		2
GEO 418	Land Surveying		2
GEO 419	Tropical Geomorphology		2
GEO 401	Environmental Planning Management		2
GEO 402	Urbanization Process		2
GEO 403	Models and Theories of Transportation

Geography 2

2ND SEMESTER

Compulsory and required courses

GEO 420	Resource Development and Planning
	in Nigeria	2
GEO 421	Geography of the Developed World
	(Europe! North America)	2
GEO 422	Contemporary Philosophy and Methodology
	In Geography	2
GEO 423	Advanced Cartography	2
GEO 424	Rural Development and Planning	2
GEO 425	Original Essay	2
GEO 432	Element of Urban Design	2
GEO 433	Approaches to Regional Growth Analysis	2

Optional courses

GEO 426	Spatial Aspect of Social and
GEO 427	Geomorphology in Environmental
	Management	2
GEO 428	Urban Geography	2
GEO 429	Urban Transportation Systems and Planning	2
GEO 430	Population and Resources	2
GEO 431	Oceanography	2

COURSE SELECTION FOR SINGLE HONOURS STUDENTS

100 LEVEL

1. All courses offered in the Department must be taken and passed, that is, a total of 17 Credits in Geography courses
2. At least two Elective Courses from two optional subject areas in the Faculty. A minimum of 6 Credits required. And another one from one Optional Subject Area outside the Faculty.
3. General Studies (10 Credits)
4. Students are required to complete a minimum of 19 Credits per Semester

200 LEVEL

1. All 200 Level courses offered by the Department must be taken and passed, that is, at total of 22 Credits in Geography Courses.
2. One course from one optional subject area in the Faculty. A minimum of 6 Credits are required and another one from one optional subject area outside the Faculty.
3. The Faculty course on Introduction to computers (2 credits)
4. General Studies (i.e 10 credits) for Direct Entry Students
5. Students are required to complete a minimum of 20 Credits per semester

300 LEVEL

1. All compulsory and required courses must be taken and passed
2. At least two Optional Courses per Semester must be taken. The minimum required Credits from the Optional Courses is 8
3. The Faculty Course on Application of Computers (2 Credits).
4. Students are required to complete a minimum of 20 Credits per Semester

400 LEVEL

1. All compulsory and required courses must be taken and passed.
2. At least six elective courses are required The minimum required Credits from the Elective Courses is 12
3. Students are required to register for a minimum of 20 Credits per semester.

12. COURSE SELECTON FOR EDUCATION STUDENTS

100 LEVEL: All compulsory courses offered in the Department must be taken i.e 17 Credits

200 LEVEL All compulsory course offered in the Department must be taken i.e 20 credits

300 LEVEL All compulsory courses offered in the Department must be taken and passed

400 LEVEL All compulsory courses offered in the Department must be taken and passed

13. DETAILED COURSE DESCRIPTION

GEO 111: INTRODUCTION TO GEOGRAPHY: MAN AND HIS

PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT

This course is a systematic survey of the inter-related component of the Physical Environmental System. The Role and Inter-Relationships of Geomorphic, Climatic, Pedagogic and Human Activities in Forming the Physical Landscape are emphasised. Topics covered in this course include the following: Structure of the Processes and their Land - Forming Processes/Agents, Plate Tectonic/Endogenetic Processes and their Land Forming Effects, Manne Effects, Marine

Geomorphology/Wave Action, the Atmospheric System and Elements of Climate, Types of Soils, Soil Formation Processes, Soil Fertility and Degradation, Soil Erosion and Conservation, Distribution of Worlds Vegetation and Factors of Anthropogenic Control of the Physical Landscape. Structure of the Atmosphere and Hydrosphere, Cycling of Matter and Energy in Ecosystems.

GEO 112: PRACTICAL PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY

This course covers the practical aspects of the topics raised in GEO III as represented on topographical, climate and geological maps of Nigeria and other countries. The course provides the students with the basic skills to read, analyze and interpret various types of maps used by geographers. Topics treated are as follows; the Language of Maps Marginal Information, Conventional Sign/Symbols, Map Scales Area and Linear Map Measurement, Methods and Problems of Representation of relief on Topographical Maps, Reduction and Enlargement Techniques, Relief Regions, Cross-Sectional Drawing Calculation of Vertical Exaggeration, Slope Measurement, Qualitative and Quantitative Drainage Network Analysis, Elements of Geological and Climatic Interpretation. etc.

GEO 113: ELEMENTARY SURVEYING

It introduces students to the basic elements of Surveying. The student will be introduced to basic tools and requirement used in a land surveying. The various Types of Surveys and their Utility in Geography will be emphasized.

GEO 114: INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

The aim of the course is to introduce students to the current Environmental issues in the World and Nigeria in particular. The issues include Air and Water Pollution, Land Degradation. Erosion, Drought, Earthquakes, Hurricanes, Floods etc. The Energy Systems in the Atmosphere, Biosphere, Hydrosphere and Lithosphere are reviewed.

GEO 121: INTRODUCTION TO GEOGRAPHY: MAN AND HIS CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT

The course deals with the theories of Inter- Dependence between Man and Nature. It treats the Origin and World Region Distributions of Human Groups Races, Languages Units and 'Religious groups. It also looks at the problems of Origin, Domestication and Dispersal of both Animal and Plant Species. The Distribution of World Agricultural Regions, Population Distribution, Migration and the Elementary Theories of Demographic Transition, Transportation and Circulation of People and Commodities are highlighted.

GEO122: PRACTICAL HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

The course covers the practical aspects of the topics raised in GEO 121. Laboratory and Fieldwork Techniques of Recording, Processing and Reporting Geographic Data Focusing on Human Geography are carried out. Maps and Diagrams of Settlement Patterns, Population Distribution, Commodity Flows and Economic activities in Nigeria. Topic covered include, Data Distribution, Forms and Structure of Settlements, Symbolization of Settlements, Choropleth Maps of Settlement, Isopleth

Maps of Settlement, Graphs and Special Diagrams a Quantitative Symbol of Mapping, Population and Economic Data (Graphs, Isopleth, Flow Doe, Pie Graphs, Pyramids etc).

GEO 123: LOCAL FIELD STUDIES

Class field studies of Benin City and environs to familiarize students with their Local Environments, it is aimed at practicalising Class Room Lectures in both Human and Physical Geography.

GEO 211: INTRODUCTION TO GEOMORPHOLOGY

This course is an introduction to the Basic Concepts and Analysis of Geomorphic Processes. The course reviews various Landscape Evaluation Theories and other approaches to and from study. Topic covered include the Views of Ancient Philosophers on Landform Development, the Catastrophic Schools, Uniformitarian Principles, Diluvianlism, the Roles of Hutton Playfair, Werner to the Development of Early Geomorphic Ideas, Geologic, Expeditions in Western United, Rock Types, Processes and Time in Landscape Development, Mass

Movement and Slope Development, Coastal Landforms, Karst Landforms, Cycle of Erosion Concept (Davisian Regions, Plate Tectonic and Endogenetic Landforms).

GEO 212: INTRODUCTION TO SPATIAL ORGANISATION OF

HUMAN ACTIVITIES

This course exposes students to various principles and factors underlying the location and spatial arrangement of human activities. Topics include, Spatial Regularity of Human Activities, Notions of Space in Geography, Economic Geography, Embracing Location of Human Industrial Activities, Economic Man Model and Influence of Decision - Making and Environmental Perception on Spatial Activities. Transpirations Geography including Introduction to Gravity Model and Basis of Spatial Interaction and Exchange Between Mode, Introductory Movement and Migration' Analysis, the Development of Agricultural, Transportation and Industrial Activities and their Role in the Evolution of Rural/Urban Settlements and the Emergence of Economic Regions, Spatial Diffusion Technology and Economic Landscape Change.

GEO 213: INTRODUCTION TO TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP ANALYSIS

This course deals with the Analysis and Interpretation of Topographical Maps. Topics covered include the Language of Maps, Interpretation of Physiographic Regions, Relief and Slope Analysis, Stream Network and Basic Analysis, Settlement (Rank - Size, Quadrant and Nearest Neighbours Methods) Spatial Association Between Human and Physical Features. Transpiration Network Analysis, Graph Theory, Shape and Size Determinations from Topographic Maps.

GEO 214: INTRODUCTION TO MATHEMATICS FOR GEOGRAPHERS This course teaches students the fundamental concepts in Mathematics commonly applied in solving Geographic Research Problems. The topics covered include the Nature and Role of Mathematics in Geography, set Theory Co-ordinate System, the Simple Linear Functions, Non-linear Functions, Introductory Differential and Integral Calculus, Matrix Algebra, Eigen Values Fan Eigenvectors, Complex Numbers and Dimensional Analysis in Geography, etc.

GEO 215: INTRODUCTION TO THE HISTORY OF GEOGRAPHIC THOUGHT

It introduces the students to the History of Geography in relation to the History of Science. The growth of Geographic Knowledge and Method from Ancient/Classical Times to the 18th Century is reviewed.

GEO 224: INTRODUCTION TO CLIMATOLOGY AND

BIOGEOGRAPHY

This course examines the Elements and Controls of Weather and Climate as well as the Dynamics of the Earth’s Atmosphere. It also examines the Fundamental Principles and Concepts in Biogeography. Topics include; Composition and Structure of the Atmosphere Radiation and Heating of the Earth Systems, Condensation and Precipitation Processes, Instrumentation, and Analysis of Weather and Climatic Data. Definitions, Approaches and Spectrum of Biogeography Basic Structure and Dynamic of Plant Communities, the Ecosystem idea Properties, Energy Flow and the Food Chain, Ecological Efficiencies, Tropic Structure and Pyramids, Biological Production), etc, Man's influence on the Atmosphere and Vegetation.

GEO 225: INTRODUCTION TO POPULATION STUDIES

This course is designed to introduce students to aspects of Population Geography. The course will examine Population Data, and Sources. Population Growth and Components, Migration Processes and Consequences, the Nigerian Population Structure Distribution Pattern and their Implications.

GEO 226: INTRODUCTION TO CARTOGRAPHY

This course trains students in the handling and Mapping of Geographic Data. The topics covered are History of Map making Techniques, Types of Maps, Drafting Techniques and Instruments, Basic Map Compilation, Design and Constriction of Physical and Economic Maps, Basic Contour' Compilation, Profiles, Flow Maps Pie Graphs, Techniques of Changing Map Scales, Map, Projection and Lettering Techniques.

GEO 227: INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICAL METHODS IN

GEOGRAPHY

This course is an Introductory Statistical Techniques as applied to Geography. It introduces the students to Data Description and Graphical Presentation. Measures of cental tendency and Dispersion and Introduction to Computer Programming.

GEO 228: INTRODUCTION TO GEOGRAPHIC THOUGHT THEORY

It introduces the students to the Role of Theory in Science and Geographic methods in Natural and Social Sciences. The Nature and Problems of Geographic Research are reviewed.

GEO 311: FIELD STUDIES IN GEOGRAPHY

This course is aimed at exposing the students to various methods of data collection through direct participation and involvement in Fieldwork and Trips organized by the Department. It trains the students in Data Organization and Modem Techniques in Report Writing. 'Final Evaluation is based on the Preparation of Field Report on the Central Research Theme of the years Field work. A number of examination is taken in this course. It will also involve an 8 days Intensive Field Study within Nigeria and outside Nigeria.

GEO 312: RESEARCH METHODS IN GEOGRAPHY

This course introduces the students to formalized approach to geographic research and report writing. It involves the Identification, geographic problems and their relative importance. Structuring and Statistic Hypotheses, Data Acquisition Methods and Tests Validity. Topics include Nature, Scope and Objectives of geographic Research Design, Hypothesis Formation, Identification of Data Requirements, Sources of Geographical Data and their Limitations, Field Surveys, Questionnaire Design and Administration, Sampling Frame, Target Population and

Sample Size Determination, Analysis/Data Organization, Report Writing.

GEO 313: ADVANCED STATISTICAL METHODS IN GEOGRAPHY

It introduces the students to basic concepts in Probability Theory, Distribution Sampling Methods and Inferential Statistics Parametric and Non Parametric Statistics, Correlation and Simple Regression Analysis.

GEO 314: POPULATION ANALYSIS

It focuses attention on the main elements of population studies such as Population Data as Vital Statistics, Procedure and Problems of Population, Data Collection including Censuses, World Population Growth. Components and Pattern of Population Mapping, Theories and Concepts of Population Determinants and Spatial Aspects of Mortality, Fertility and Migration etc.

GEO 315: SOIL GEOGRAPHY

It examines the Meaning and Scope of Soil Geography. Soil Definition, Constituents and Properties, Processes and Factors of Soil Formation, Procedures and Problem of Soil Classification, and Distribution of World Soils. It also examines Field problems in the Study of Soils in the Tropics, Soil as a Resource and some Laboratory Techniques in Soil

Analysis.

GEO 316: SETTLEMENT SYSTEMS

This course shall focus on the major theories underlying the Spatial

Organization of Settlements. The content of the course shall include,

Introduction to System Theory, Urban Hierarchies and Urban Regions, Rank-Size Relationships, Nodal Regions and Urban Focal Points, the Prime City Models, Central Place Concepts, Christaller’s Model Reviewed by Loschian Model, Contemporary Concepts in Central Place Theory, and the Traditional City Topology in Developing Countries, Signer and Reified Models of Orthogenetic and Heterogeneity Cities.

GEO 317: ENVIRONMENTAL COGNITION AND LANDSCAPE PLANNING

This course examines the Philosophy, Theory and Practice of Environmental Space, Perfection, Research and Landscape Planning. The Behavioural and Cognitive aspects of man-space interaction are explored in relation to Environmental Planning and Management. Topics taught include Theory of Geographic Space Preferences, Environment hazard assessment, Environmental Perception and Planning, Environmental Quality Assessment Theory and Concepts of Landscape, Landscape Quality Evaluation and the Role of Surrogate Stimuli, Landscape Development and Planning; Recreational Parks and Gardens Planning in Nigeria Landscape, Landscape Conservation.

GEO 318: ELEMENTS OF URBAN PLANNING

This course is designed to introduce students to the History and Development of Urban Planning. It also exposes students to various types and levels of planning procedures for planning preparation. Topics covered in the course include: the History and Evolution of Urban- and Regional Planning through the Influence· of 19th and early 20th centuries, planning. The efforts of the Philanthropic Movement on Town Planning, the Nature of Planning, Planning Model, Concepts of Modem Types and Levels of Planning Information.

GEO 319: RURAL GEOGRAPHY AND SETTLEMENTS

This course examines the Theories of Rural Occupancy and the various approaches to the study of Rural Settlement Geography. It also deals with field patterns and Farm organization with particular reference to their spatial organization in Rural Nigeria. Topics covered include approach to the study of Rural Geography, Theories and Models of Rural Settlements, Evolution of Organization, Resettlement Programmes in Rural Nigeria, Rural Service Centres and Facility Provision in Nigeria Rural Urban Interface and Integration, Rural Change, Rural Market Systems, Periodic Markets in Rural Central Place.

GEO 320: TRANSPORTATION GEOGRAPHY

This course deals with the Theories of Transportation Structure Performance and the Use of Mathematical and Statistical Models in Transactional Flow Analysis. Topics covered include scope and content of Transportation Geography, Basis of Spatial Interaction, Models, Gravity Complimentality Interacting Opportunity and Transforability, Spatial Interaction Model, Interatance, and Hypothesis, Realitis Law of Retail Gravitation and the Role of various Transportation Models in Regional Development, Models of Transport Network, Network Analysis, Transportation Planning and Model Co-ordination, Models of Planning, Rationale for Planning, System Approach to Transport Planning and a Review of the Performance of the Transport Sub-sector in Nigeria Development, Plans 1962.

GEO 321: ELEMENTS OF POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY

This development of the discipline of Political Geography examined and specified issues related to the Approaches to the Study of Political Geography and the Interrelationships between Spatial Variations and Political Activities are highlighted. Emphasis is laid on the interactions between Geographical Phenomena and Political Situations and Practices in Africa. Topics covered include definition and Scope of Political Geography, Approaches to the Study of Political Geography, Past Development of Political Geographic Thought and Practice, the State as the focus of Political Geography, attribute of the State as Political Region, the Nature and Categories of State.

GEO 322: INDUSTRIAL GEOGRAPHY

This course reviews the various Industrial Location Theories and provides insights into the Processes and Problems of Industrial Development in Nigeria. The Role of Industrialization in National and Regional Development and Growth is also examined. Topics include Industrial Location Theory, Alfred Webber's Theory, August Losch's Viewpoint, Hoover's Viewpoint, Palander's Viewpoint, Location Quotient, Growth Pole Hypothesis etc.

GEO 323: GEOGRAPHY FIELDWORK TECHNIQUES (PRACTICAL)

This is a ten -day intensive field studies outside Edo State Designed to illustrate the application of techniques of Geographic Data, Collection and Analysis. Evaluation is based on quality of Field Data Collection and Field Report.

GEO 324: REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY OF AFRICA

This course aims at exposing students to General Geography to Africa dealing with the people's Culture, History Environment, System of Agriculture, Population Distribution and Movements, the Physical, Economic and Cultural Patterns of Africa are analyzed. The Geographical Regions of Africa are identified and described; while specific Regional Development Problems are highlighted.

GEO 325: AERIAL PHOTO INTERPRETATION AND

PRODUCTION CARTOGRAPHY

This course teaches students interpretation of Physical and Cultural Geography phenomena as recorded by Orbital and Aerial Sensing Systems (with emphasis on Conventional Aerial Photography) and Advance Work with Map Production. Topics covered are early History of Aerial Photography, Energy Sources, Aerial Cameras, Elements of Photo Interpretation, Landscape Inventory and Mapping from Aerial Photography and Map Reproduction Processes.

GEO 326: ADVANCED QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES

This course introduces the student to the commonly used Multi-Variate Statistical Techniques in Geography and Techniques for Description of Point Patterns, Time Series Analysis, Nearest Neighbour Analysis, Network Analysis Modeling, Spatial Interaction Models, Markovian Models etc. topic include Multiple Regression, Multiple and Partial Correlation Analysis, Principal Analysis, Discriminate Analysis, Clustering Algorithms, Gravity Models, Entropy Maximizing Models, etc.

GEO 327: BIOGEOGRAPHY:

This course deals with Basic Processes Governing Geography

Distribution Patterns of Biota, including Migration, Evaluation, Isolation and Endemism. It also examines the Fundamental Principles and Concepts in Biogeography. The application of the concepts in Natural Resource Management is evaluated. Topics covered include, Features of Terrestrial Marine and Fresh Water Ecosystem, Biographical Cycles, Carbon, Phosphorous, Nitrogen Cycles, the Process of Nitrification and Implications, for Farm Management, Nattily, Mortality, Growth Curves, Age Distribution, Biotic Potential and Environmental Resistance, Ecological Niche and Competition, Ecosystem Dynamics, Forest and Grassland Ecosystems, Ecosystems Growth, Distribution. Productivity and Ecological Dominancee of Tress and Graminacae, Structure and Functioning of Forest/grasslands, Ecosystems Fire as an Ecological Factors, Types and uses of Fire in Wildlife and Forest Management, Distribution of Plants, Theory of Tolerance and Habitat Factors, Vegetation. Succession and Classification, Vegetation, Mapping, Analysis of Farming Systems, Soil Plant Relationship.

GEO 328: APPLLED CLIMATOLOGY:

This course involves the practical application of the knowledge acquired in Introductory Climatology Course. Emphasis is on the effect of

Weather and Climate on Man and his activities in different parts of the World with special emphasis on West Africa The course concludes with a Lesson on Climate Modifications. Topics include Bioclimatology. Agro- Climatology. Climate and Construction, Climate and Clothing, Urban Climate, Econoclimatology, Atmosphere Diffusion (pollution Climatic Modification).

GEO 329: INTRODUCTION TO HYDROLOGY AND FLUVIAL GEOMORPHOLOGY

This course examines the Processes and Mechanisms Operating Natural Streams and their resulting landforms. The Relationship between Hydrology and Geomorphology are examined through a Quantitative Study of the Stream and the Drainage Basin.

GEO 330: LAND USE EVALUATION AND PLANNING

This course which is introductory in nature is expected to expose the students to the Fundamental Elements of Urban Land Use. The course covers such specific areas as (i) Principle of Land Evaluation (ii) Urban Land Use Classification (iii) Land use Planning Standards and Criteria and (iv) Introduction to Land Use Space Requirement

GEO 332: GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM

The History, Meaning and Scope of GIS are reviewed. The Basic Elements and Techniques of presentation of Spatial Data on various aspects of National and International Resources to Aid the Process of Policy Formulation are examined using Empirical Case Studies. Also students will be exposed to the Community used IDS Software such as ARC and INFO for the Execution of Sample CIS Tasks.

GEO 333: AGRICULTURAL GEOGRAPHY

This course reviews various Models of Agricultural Location and Decision Making Process, Contemporary problems in Agricultural Development in Nigeria and other Developing Countries are discussed. Selected Issues and Problems in Agricultural Geography will be treated. Topics covered are Scope and Methods of Agricultural Geography, Decision Making Process in Agriculture, Theories of Agricultural

Location, Von- Theunen’s Model and Dunn's Modified Tropics Theories of Agricultural Change, Plantation Agriculture and Modem Agriculture in the Tropics, Irrigation schemes in the topics, Cash Crop Production verus Subsistence Agriculture in Nigeria, Animal Husbandry, Problems of Agricultural Intensification in the Tropics, Land Tenure Systems among Agrarian Communities and issues of Land reform (Case Studies), the Influence of the Physical Environment and the Socio- Economic Factors on Agricultural Development in Nigeria, Innovation Diffusion Models and Agricultural Change, Large Scale Agricultural Development Schemes in Africa (Case Studies) with Particular Reference to Nigeria.

GEO 411: HISTORY OF GEOGRAPHY THOUGHT

This course provides a general but a critical discussion of the Growth of Geographical Knowledge and Methodology from the Classical to the Modem Times. Among the topics to be covered include Ancient Geographic Thought, Geographical Thought during the Middle Ages, the Making of Modem Geography, Geographical Viewpoints and Concepts in late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Post-war trends .in Geography, the Development and Philosophy of Geography in Nigeria.

GEO 412: GEOGRAPHY OF THE WORLD

The Nature of Underdevelopment in the Third World is examined. They include aspects like Poverty and Income Distribution, Production

Systems and Links with International Economy. The Geographical Distribution of Natural Resources, Human Resources and Technology are· also covered. Critically assesses the development Strategies of the Third World as they affect Agriculture, Industrialization, Education and Manpower Development, the Population Problems, International Trade and Transfer to Resources are examined.

GEO 413: INTRODUCTION TO REMOTE SENSING

This course instruction is given in the interpretation of environmental phenomena recorded by Aerial and Satellite Imaging Systems. Emphasis is on the Nature of the Data recorded and the Interpretation Techniques, Contemporary Aerial Photographs, Radar and Satellite Data may be use. Topics covered are Electromagnetic Spectrum, Image Characteristie, Source of Remote - Sensing Information, Cnaracteristies of Aerial

Photographs, Sources of Aerial Photographs, Multi-Spectral Scanner Systems and their Image Characteristics. Acquisition of Satellite Image and Interpretation methods advantages of Satellite Imagery, Thermal Infrared Imagery, Radar Imagery, their image' Characteristics, Digital Image Processing and Environmental Land use application of

Aerial/Satellite (Remotely Sensed) Data.

GEO 414: REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY OF NIGERIA

This course exposes the students to the General Geography of Nigeria dealing with Peoples, their Culture, History, Physical Environment, Systems of Agriculture, Population Distribution and Movements. Thus the physical Economic and Cultural Landscapes of Nigeria are analyzed. Furthermore, the impacts of the physical and ScioEconomic attributes of the country's Economic Growth and Regional Development are discussed. The Geographical Regions of Nigeria are identified and described while specific Regional Development Problems are highlighted.

GEO 415: REGIONAL PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT

This course is designed to familiarize the students with some aspects and theoretical guidelines for the maximization of National and Regional Space Economy. A Partial and Spatical Concept will be discussed with more emphasis on the latter. The concepts of the region will be defined and· explained both as developmental entity and as a component of the National Space Economy. Topic covered include: Regional Planning as a Field of Study and as a Profession, Planning Region Definitions, Types and Methods of Delimitation, and Evaluation, difference between the Nation and the Region, Growth Development within Region, NeoClassical and Cumulative Growth, Model of Regional Growth Stage Theory, Export Base and Input Output.

GEO 416: RURAL RESOURCES EVALUATION

The objectives of this course is to present a Geographic Approach to Rural Land Resource Evaluation and Management using a selection of Models, Material Techniques, and Empirical Research Findings, drawn largely from within Nigeria context. Attempts are also made to classify land types and assess them in accordance with their development potentials. Topics covered are Topology of Rural and Resource, Institutional Factors Affecting Rural Land Use and Resources Recovered, Resource Survey and Land Resource Evaluation, Resource Economics, Conservation of Rural Land Resources, Land Resource Assessment for Agricultural Development Techniques, Rural Land Resource Assessment, a Framework for Rural Land Resources Evaluation, Development in Land Resources Evaluation in Nigeria, Rural land Resources Evaluation in Water Resource Management.

GEO 417: POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY OF RESOURCE DISTRIBUTION

The course aims at acquainting the students with the Polices involved in Distribution and Sharing World, Regional, National and Local Resources. The course discuses such topics as the Concept of Resources, the Scarce Nature of Resources, Resources and Political Power, and Specific examples of the Influence and Practice of Politics in Resources Distribution.

GEO 418: LAND SURVEYING

This course teaches students the Principles of Plane Surveying, Elementary Survey Methods, Co- ordinate Systems, Survey for Maps and Computation Methods/exercise. The topics covered are, Types of Surveys; Linear and Angular Measurement, Chain Surveying, Compass Surveying, Rectangular Co-ordinate Systems, Map Projections, Map Interpretation and Landform Representation. The Thodolite, Leveling Traverses and Elementary Triangulation's, Contouring Computations, Photogramrnetry and Construction Surveys.

GEO 419: TROPICAL GEOMORPHOLOGY

This is an examination of the Conditions of Landform Development within the Tropics. The Nature of Geomorphic Processes in these areas is analysed. With specific reference to the Regional Variation of Land Forms and Physical Landscapes in Nigeria, the Character and Development of Tropical Terrain are examined. Topics covered include definition of the Humid tropics and- Aerial Extent, Theory of Weathering. Deep Weathering and the Weathering Crust, Factors of Rock Weathering in the Topics, Deep Weathering Profiles and their Spatial Patterns, Product Weathering - Laterites, Effects of Laterites on Landscape in the Tropics, Study of the Nigeria Landscape Problems of Landform study in the Topics, Problems of Data Acquisition for the Study of Geomorphology in the Humid Tropics.

GEO 401: SOCIAL/HUMANISTIC GEOGRAPHY IN

ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING

This course examines the philosophical and methodological frameworks for assessing Environmental experience, Attitudes, Values and Behaviour and the Implications for Environmental Planning and design. Topics taught include, Historical origins of humanism in Geography, Philosophical perspective in Social and Humanistic geography, Methodological Perspeure in Social/Humanistic Geography, Housing form and Social aspects of Housing Design, Housing Symbols and Environmental Meanings. Community and Neighbourhood Concepts, Sense of Place in Planning and Slums Renewal Planning.

GEO 402: URBANIZATION PROCESS

This course will be concerned with the analysis of the major elements and theories in Urbanization Process in the context of varying civilizations, cultures and environment. The emphasis shall be on Africa and Nigeria.

The Demographic Transition Theory and Urban Explosion, in the World, in the Third World Countries in Africa and in Nigeria. Changing complexities of the Urban Phenomena from the Town to the Megalopolises, the Theoretical Basis of Urban Topologies in Africa, the urban labour force, the market centre in developing countries, population mobility and rural-urban linkages, Urban Growth and the Quality of Life, with special reference to Nigeria (pre-requisite).

GEO 403: MODELS AND THEORIES OF TRANSPORTATION

GEOGRAPHY

This course concentrates on the consideration of concepts, models and theories in Transportation Geography. Emphasis will be focused on Spatial Interaction Models such as Gravity Models, Law of Retail Gravitation, Entropy Maximizing Models and Theories such as Cooley's

Theory of Transportation. Graph Theories and some Descriptive Models such as Gould, Morril and Taaffe Models of Transport Expansion in Developing Countries, follow-the leader Theory of Traffic Flow will also be examined.

GEO 420: RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING IN NIGERIA

This course critically assesses the Development Policies, and Strategies as they relate to the following issuers in Nigeria. Growth and Distribution Population, Natural Resources based and Revenue Allocation, Agricultural Production and Marketing Systems, Industrialization, Transport Development, and the Mass· Transit Programmes, Internal and External Exchange, Social Justice and Mass Mobilization, Appropriate Models and Strategies for Resource Development and Planning will be sought.

GEO 421: GEOGRAPHY OF THE DEVELOPED WORLD

(EUROPE/NORTH AMERICA)

The differentiating characteristics between the Developed World and Developing World are identified. They include aspects like. Distribution of Incomes and standard of Living, Social Economic and Political Framework of the Capitalist and entirely planned state. The Historical Evolution of the Developed Economics is discussed. The Geographical Bases of the Economics of Western Europe, U.S.A and U.S.S.R. are identified. The Growth and Performance of Agriculture. Manufacturing and Services in the Developed World are covered. International Trade and Implications on the World Economy.

GEO 422: CONTEMPORARY PHILOSOPHY AND

METHODOLOGY OF GEOGRAPHY

This course focuses attention on the current Methodology and Philosophy of Geographic Research. The course will examine the following. Recent paradigm qualification in Geography, Classification in Geography, Theories and Models in Geography, Systems Analysis in Geography, Humanistic Geography, Structural Explanation in Geography, Geography and Society Careers for Geographers.

GE0 423: ADVANCED CARTOGRAPHY

Scope and limitation of the visual presentation of statistics, sources and manipulation of statistics for visual presentation, criteria of significance and choice of techniques, critical review of cartographic, graphic and diagrammatic techniques, scale and error factor, map design, the use of mechanical, optical and photographic aids in cartography. The logic of conceptual diagrams, including system diagram.

GEO 424: RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING

This course is aimed at familiarizing the students with the concepts and strategies of rural development. It will also discuss the institutions for rural development and review the paths to rural development in Nigeria. Specific rural development projects will be appraised and suggestions offered for improvement. The course content includes such topics as rural economic development and strategies for rural development and planning, integrated rural development planning concepts and methods.

GEO 425: ORIGINAL ESSAY

This course is an independent research project designed to provide in depth student's ability to formulate research problems, acquire and analyse research data. The ability of the students to organize and present the research materials in a well articulated scientific format will be examined.

GEO 426: SPATIAL ASPECTS OF SOCIAL AND

ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEMS

The purpose of this course is to study the spatial variations in administrative system and their interrelationships with politics and geography. The significance of these interactions on political situations and practices will be analyzed with special reference to Nigeria. Topics to be covered include the. concept of territoriality and territorial organization. The objectives of the geographical study of Administrative System, the Organization or Administrative Systems, Delimitation of Political Boundaries of Land, Inland Water and at Sea. The Politics of the Location of Administrative Capital and the Political Geography of Local Government Area including the City.

GEO 427: GEOMORPHOLOGY IN ENVIRONMENTAL

MANAGEMENT

This course examines the Geomorphic and Environmental Impact of Resources Recovery and Use by Man. The problem of integrating human socio- economic activity within the constraints of the physical environment in order to minimize negative responses is another area of concern. Environmental management policies adopted in resolving geomorphic problems are critically assessed in light of other management alternative and geomorphic theory. Topics covered include assessment and computation of soil erosion on agricultural land assessment and computation hazards in urban areas and flood management, geomorphic constraints and implications of human use of rivers, landslides and landslides management, ground water use, resource extraction and· associated geomorphic impacts. Approaches to geomorphic impact assessment, land systems and gormophological mapping for economic development planning. A geomorphic appraisal of environmental policies in Nigeria, a geomorphic framework for a

national policy on the environment

GEO 428: URBAN GEOGRAPHY

This course examines the internal structure of city. The theories of the internal structure of cities are critically discussed and major urban land use types are explored. Topic taught include city delimitation, urban land use types and land use theories, the internal structure of the city, theories of residential differentiation, urban population densities, socio-cultural aspect of urban forms and quality of urban life, urban housing and sub· urbanization

GEO 429: URBAN TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM AND PLANNING

This course examines the effects of transportation development on urbanization. Taking the urban centre as a geosystem, the course highlights the circulatory effects of transportation development on the urban economy. Topics such as urban transportation and land use planning, trip generation and assignments, traffic volumetric analysis, origin and destination survey, principles of traffic flows and the control of traffic are critically examined.

GEO 430: POPULATION AND RESOURCES

This course focuses attention on the relationship between population and development, it examines the following: theories of the relationship between population and development, population and socio-economic development in different parts of the world, population composition and development, population variables in development planning and population policies.

GEO 431: OCEANOGRAPHY

This course deals with the scope and content of oceanography as an important discipline in geographical studies. Topics such as chemical oceanography, physical oceanography, geophysical oceanography, biological oceanography and politico economic oceanography are critically examined within the content of the law of the sea and the delimitation of nation and national territorial waters. The geostrategic importance of territorial waters in military sciences and maritime transportation are also highlighted in this course.

GEO 432: ELEMENTS OF URBAN DESIGN:

This course is designed to introduced students to basic concepts and practice in urban planning design. It also aims at developing in the students a graphic comprehension of physical relationships. Topics covered in the course include: the neighbourhood concept, the Radburn concepts, the environmental· area concepts, the cluster concept, etc, The formulation of minimum space standards, site planning and design for neighbourhoods, housing layouts, industrial and commercial estates, new towns, etc. It should also involve one practical project which will lay emphasis on the actual application of the principles and analytical techniques of urban planning as well as afford students the opportunity to translate ideas and data into practical design.

GEO 433: APPROACHES TO REGIONAL GROWTH ANALYSIS

To familiarize students with some current models for analysing regional growth and development and for guiding planning policies. Emphasis will be on the application of models to relevant local situations, with the objective of attempting to find out conformities or deviation from the conceptual framework. Topics covered are: urbanization / settlement system and regional development location, theory and regional growth, spatial interaction models in regional development, growth pole concept, growth centre model core- periphery models, shift analysis, regional development in Nigeria, causes and prospect.